Osip Mandelstam (1891-1938) was a Russian poet associated with Acmeism, a school of poetry in the early twentieth century that included poets such as Nikolay Gumilev and Anna Akhmatova. In the Soviet era, Mandelstam wrote a satirical poem about Stalin (“Stalin Epigram,” 1933), which led to his arrest and exile. He died in a transit camp in 1938.