Tristan Tzara (1896-1963) was a Romanian and French avant-gardist and a key member of the Dada movements in Zurich and Paris. He created poetry, essays, performances, and publications that challenged expectations of language and readership. Significant works include: La première aventure céléste de M. Antipyrine (The first celestial adventure of Mr. Antiyrine) 1916; Vingt-cinq poems (Twenty-Five Poems) 1918; Sept manifestes Dada (Seven Dada Manifestos) 1924. Tzara also contributed regularly to periodicals such as Dada and Littérature.