HASAN, SON OF HUSEIN

ĆAMIL SIJARIĆ TRANSLATED FROM BOSNIAN BY SAMANTHA FARMER

I knew Hasan, son of Husein. When I entered the Kolobara Han one day, they pointed him out and told me to greet him, to say a kind word or two and pay my respects as best as I could, because that pleased him, and then make my way to sit on the sećija from where, if I wanted, I’d observe people through the window overlooking all the buying and selling in the čaršija—and I would have the opportunity to see Hasan, too, and afterwards to tell of how I, in Sarajevo, in the Kolobara Han, had seen Hasan, son of Husein.

          I did not manage to greet him in the manner instructed, I turned toward some man who I’d been told was Hasan, bent a little at the waist, said something or nothing, and went to the sećija. I didn’t permit myself to watch him from the sećija when I had not properly greeted him—I, who had just heard of this Hasan, and seen him for the first time, did not know why I should greet him differently than others, and my bending at the waist and what I had said to the man in passing was at the urging of my friends and—as a result, it came off as impolite. So I gave nothing of myself, nothing heartfelt at all, and I sought nothing from this Hasan—not even that he reply to my greeting. My friends reproached me, and I replied that I was sorry—but I did not owe a special greeting to a man I didn’t know and whose acquaintance I felt no need to make. I had come to the han to have tea and watch the čaršija through the window. They told me that I was correct, that tea had brought all of us here—but, lucky for me, Hasan, son of Husein, was in the room and I should at least get a good look at him, since I was unable to hear him speak.

          What it was that I should hear from this Hasan I didn’t know and didn’t ask my friends, and I calmly proceeded—gazing at the čaršija through the window—to have my tea. Perhaps my friends thought that they had brought me to the han in vain since I had no interest in such a man, but only in the čaršija; I could tell they were sorry I was this way, that I was not like them, who went to the han to see—and if their luck held, hear—Hasan, son of Husein. 

          I finished my tea, placed the empty cup on the salver, and stopped to look around the room. On the sećije, which were covered in sheep and deer skins, sat several merchants, presumably from elsewhere, who’d spent the night in the han and were now silently drinking tea. I cast my eyes over them indifferently and looked to the end of the sećija, almost to the door—at Hasan. I wondered why they had this son of Husein sit by the door since they’d told me he was a smart man, the smartest in the entire čaršija. Their words didn’t move me, and I doubted that the man seated by the door was the smartest in the čaršija—I did not watch him because he was smart, but because my friends watched him, and one had even said: it pleases Hasan, son of Husein, when people watch him. 

          I couldn’t take it anymore—I asked why we were staring at the man. They replied that there was no need to look at him, that Hasan, when regarded, was like any other man, but when he was listened to…

          “And what would I hear, if I listened to him?” I asked. 

          This question surprised my friends. One leaned close to my ear, as if I were a child, and then said, slowly and clearly: “Listen… one man invited this Hasan to dinner, Hasan along with many of his own friends. And the man wanted to give them a generous welcome; he was a wealthy man, this host. He told the women to bring every kind of food out to the sofra. And the women began to cook, every meal better than the last. Savory dishes, and desserts, and drinks. So many pans, so many bowls, God knows how many. And while dinner was being prepared, Hasan, son of Husein, told stories... He told so many strange stories, and in such a beautiful voice, that all the people fell silent. They didn’t breathe. They didn’t even know where they were anymore. They were wherever Hasan had taken them with his story... They were in a completely different time, one long ago; they’d forgotten their own time, and themselves, too. They didn’t see each other, they didn’t even see Hasan, they only heard his voice—and that voice seemed to come from a man who had lived long ago, and seen everything, and knew—he knew what people had done two hundred years ago, and however many years back you wanted to go, and what those ancient people were like. And here’s what happened on the night when the women were preparing dinner and Hasan was telling stories: Even the women wanted to hear what Hasan was saying, at least some of it—they would bring a platter of food into the room and they’d stand there, and keep standing, listening to the story. One woman, then another, then a third, just like that. And even they were no longer there, but where Hasan had taken them with his story. The rooster brought them back at dawn when he began to crow. The women then remembered the meals they had been preparing the night before, but it was too late—what had been left over the hearths had burnt; poor creatures, they could only groan. So anyone with a task at hand avoids listening to Hasan, if they don’t want their work ruined listening to him. Some, here in the han, stay up listening all night—and the next day they aren’t living in this time but in a past long ago, they don’t resemble themselves, they don’t know the same people they once knew but ones who lived long ago, and they spend the entire day with them. They look drunk, or crazy, or like they know it all. Some are sad, if the story is sad—and sorry to be born into its world … I can’t do justice to him, Hasan, son of Husein—come this evening to the han when he is speaking, to hear him for yourself.”

          As soon as he said all this into my ear, slowly and clearly as if to a child, my friend drew back from me; he did not wait for me to say, or ask, anything in response, though I had things to say and to ask. We had more tea, sat in silence for a moment, and then I began:

          “This Hasan… Are his stories true or imagined?”

          My friend turned to me, looked at me over the empty glass in his hand, and said: “No one knows; no one will ever know—if somebody were to ask Hasan, he would be insulted and, right then and there, end the story. It would be a terrible shame, and people would be furious at the person who’d asked, they would pay for his tea and show him the door, send him off. Since you’ve asked me, and luckily not him—and don’t let it slip from your tongue—I’ll answer you: in his stories, what could be true seems imagined, and what is imagined seems true, and you’re neither here… nor there… but in Hasan’s hands, which rock you to and fro like a cradle. When he wants you to laugh, you laugh; when he wants to startle you, you’re startled; and when he starts telling a parable, elders seem to appear all around you with white beards to their waists, and among them you alone are simpleminded.”

          The way he described him transformed Hasan the talker into Hasan the sorcerer. I looked over at Hasan, alone at the end of the sećija, almost at the door; it seemed to me that he had done nothing in life, nor did he want to do anything, except sit around in all the hans and, if anyone would listen, tell his stories. He was middle-aged with a dark, handsome, elongated face, in a small knitted cap of white yarn with a kaleidoscopic tassel that fanned out over the cap and resembled a colorful flower bud. His large, black eyes were watery, shaded by long lashes and thick lids—and these watery eyes, when he blinked, shone with a strange, pained luster. In a robe of yellow fox fur, he sat like a beast crouched in large and soot-covered autumn leaves just about to fall. He didn’t resemble any of the čaršija regulars: neither a merchant, nor craftsman, nor hodja. He was one of those idle people who, everywhere in the world, in all the great hans like this one, sit hunched by the door so as not to be a nuisance, keep quiet, glance over at somebody or at nobody and nothing, because they themselves are enough. They usually have no home, and if they do they prefer the han, which lends warmth in winter and shade in summer. They are recluses, and happy that from their place, somewhere by the door, they can watch people, and listen to what they have to say. They are not beggars—they do not look at another man’s tea; had they as much money as they lack, they would buy tea for everyone in the han—but they are… an essential part of the han, neither its luck nor its misfortune.

          These are the thoughts that crossed my mind while I watched Hasan, son of Husein. I found out that his father Husein was a learned and respectable man; his family name was Akovalija, after Akova on the Lim River, from where, in the wake of some unrest, his grandfather had fled. He brought his brothers with him, and the brothers and their sons were more prone to disreputable work than to honest labor—all except for Husein, father of Hasan. Husein devoted himself to books, to a job that brought no money, and, with his wife and two Hasans, one of whom was his son and the other his adopted son, lived meagerly. The two Hasans—the older adopted one and the younger one—got along like true brothers, but neither worked, nor made money. Husein’s son by birth—whom they called Hasan, son of Husein, to distinguish him from the other Hasan—accompanied his father around the mahalas and heard nearly all of the parables his father knew from books, and the stories he had imagined. Then, Hasan, son of Husein, was taught to make up his own stories, to transform the true stories from Husein’s books into false ones, and false stories into true ones, and to create some third kind of story all his own…

          Upon Husein’s death, Hasan went out into the world with his stories—better than his father’s, told in a more beautiful voice and even more beautifully recited—and with the skill to judge the moment, place, and mood of his listeners, so that he never seemed to tell sad stories to happy people or happy stories to sad people. Since he had told his share of stories around the hillside mahalas, where people also fed him because he entertained them, Hasan slowly made his way down toward the čaršija—where the hans were and where he would stay for some time, first in smaller hans, and then in the largest, the Kolobara Han. There, one came across different travelers than in the small hans, and a better proprietor—one Arif Tabak, who gave him a permanent place at the end of the sećija by the door, and who fed him. He occupied that spot by the door from early morning, when the room began to fill, until late at night, when the room emptied out. 

          I first heard a story of his one evening when, not knowing where to go, I went to the han. He was sitting in his regular place, on the sećija by the door. Above his head, a lantern on a peg illuminated that strange white cap of his, with its tassel like a colorful flower. His face in shadow—that dark, elongated face—appeared delicate as a child’s. Clinging to him—so close he could barely breathe—were his listeners: some cross-legged, some on their knees, and some crouched. I, too, crouched, because there was no place to sit, and I listened to him; I was able to catch only snippets of his story, enough to entice me. I asked the people around me what he had said, but received no answer—they couldn’t be bothered with me; it was as though Hasan was handing something out, and they feared being left without their piece of it. 

          After that, I arrived earlier and got a better spot, but never the best, because others were quicker, and so I was always left to crouch or sit on my knees. From where I was, I could see and hear Hasan well: he was close and yet far, and before our eyes, he built a kind of imagined world with everything humankind could ever possess, achieve, lose, struggle for, be wed to, travel, die for—there was no knowing what was true in all that, and what Hasan had fabricated.

          He said whatever occurred to him or whatever he could think up. When he was inventing a story he spoke more slowly, paused, sat quietly sipping his tea, and when even tea didn’t help, he would begin a story he’d told before, so as not to make us wait. These stories were about old Sarajevo—the way it once was, its people, streets, and houses. The houses were oriented differently back then: their front windows overlooked gardens and yards and their rear windows faced the street; everything poured from those windows drained into the street. Children were warned to watch for people passing below, and not to splash them... and when it happened anyway, an ibrik of water was carried down so the passersby could clean themselves, and the children were beaten.

          He loved to reimagine old Sarajevo, loved to destroy it and build it anew. He lit it on fire. Flooded it with water. Ravaged it with plague. Plundered it with bandits. He would close his eyes when, to accompany some blaze, he enveloped the city in so much smoke that nothing could be seen through it—neither one man another, nor one house another, only flames and smoke. Afterwards, he would rebuild the entire city all over again, always more beautiful than before. He wouldn’t let this new Sarajevo last long, and at the very least he would mire it with so much mud that it was hideous to behold—and then he would clean it, paint it, and cover it in the lush green of orchards. But even this new image of old Sarajevo he would not leave in peace—and blue skies would give way to lightning that struck a minaret and cracked it; he wouldn’t say that it was a curse on the merchants in the čaršija, only that lightning strikes high. He punished the guilty with prison, he drove spikes through the ears of merchants who tampered with their scales, and nailed them to posts in the middle of the čaršija for all to see. At night he garroted more serious offenders in the city fortress; for every execution, he fired a cannon to announce that in the fortress someone was being hanged, and that for each offender, a night would come when the cannon was fired. Others he exiled to Asia, to Karakazan, from whence they never returned. He did not grieve for them, nor did he take pleasure in their misfortune, but slowly, as if he’d been there and seen it all, he spun tales of human fate, unknown and unpredictable, written on the brows of men, even before they are born, inscriptions they carried in vain, unable to read them.

          It seemed that the greatest injustice for a man was that he carry a single inscription his entire life, without knowing what is written there. He is a slave to the scribe who has written his fate and sealed it. He will not be able to control his actions by his own free will; they are determined by the inscription. So Hasan, son of Husein, did not blame the guilty, nor was he impressed by good deeds, because neither good nor evil depended on people, but on what was recorded on their brows. And it could not be read, nor amended, nor—if it was bad—erased. Even that didn’t frustrate Hasan, who spoke calmly and directly, and he communicated—not through his words but through his demeanor—that what was predetermined for a person was best. But what was truly good for a man is that he endeavor to marry at the right time, to have his own shop, and to live like other people in the čaršija. Let him watch how the Miljacka flows, how in spring the trees bloom, and how in autumn the leaves fall; everything else is superfluous and will only make his head ache. 

          Sometimes, I would tell myself that I would not go to the han to listen to Hasan, but even when I didn’t go it was as if I could hear him, as if I were there. I finally began to wonder: What was it that bound me to Hasan? Did I need his stories? And what, if anything, was I getting from them? I knew that he would reply that there was nothing to gain the chance to retell them, that what is most important in this world is having something to tell one another. If the dead could regret what they had not done in life, it would be not telling stories… Hasan would tell me to go to the graveyard and see how quiet it was there! So, may time not be wasted while a man is still living… It’s of no importance whether the story is true—meant to teach—or imagined—to entertain—but that by being narrated and listened to it lives twice. 

          It’s possible that Hasan would have answered me in such a way, that he had heard me wondering what good it was to go to the han and listen to Hasan. 

          The late, muddy autumn arrived with rain and then I, along with the rain, left Sarajevo. I don’t know how many of Hasan’s stories came with me, but he certainly did. His visage remained with me: how, with that tassel on his hat resembling an unbloomed flower, he sits in the last place on the sećija by the door, to not be a nuisance. I couldn’t imagine that place without him, or his head with a flowerless cap and the lantern above him, hung on a peg. People will enter the han, make their way past him, sit on the sećija, and he—in his place by the door where he bothers no one—will look straight ahead and not glance at anyone else’s tea to say that he, too, would like some. He will not resemble a merchant or a craftsman, but a man from some far-off land in a time long ago who had, by some miracle, found himself in this han. 

          Three years spent outside of Sarajevo, with different people and in different circumstances, was a sufficiently long time for me to forget many things, even Hasan, son of Husein. Still I remembered him the longest, not for his stories but for being destined to sit in that very same place at the end of the sećija, by the door. But—time passed, and Hasan left me at last, and in the end, he was just one man out of many whom I sometimes recalled, if I could remember him at all. I know that I tried to recite some of his stories to my friends to impress them, but I neither could nor did impress them and abandoned the vocation, which was clearly not for me. I saw then that you needed to sit in some kind of lowly place, by some door, as he did, and tell stories. You needed to be under that cap with that tassel, that lantern above your head; you needed to be that Hasan, son of Husein. My lack of skill in telling his stories was one more reason to forget him. I almost blamed him, and not myself, for my inability to tell stories. 

          Three years went by—though not quickly—and I again beheld the Kolobara Han and the čaršija. And Sarajevo. Everything was as before, but I was different: the crowds in the čaršija no longer attracted me, I only entered the Kolobara Han occasionally, I walked under the trees along the banks of the Miljacka, I went out to the hills below Trebević and to the graveyard in Alifakovac. Most often, in the early evening, I would sit in the graveyard, with my back against a tombstone—because there, among the tombstones, the grass was thickest and the silence deepest... I didn’t feel like I was sitting in a graveyard, perhaps ill-advised before evening, when it appeared to be something other than it was: not a graveyard but simply an extension of the neighboring mahala which it blended with—and the only difference was that the settlement of the living was noisy and the settlement of the dead quiet, wearily quiet… There, no one could be reached, nor could anything be heard from within, except a lizard in the grass. In the evening the dead seemed to fall into an even deeper slumber than the one in which they already rested. Their stones remained above them, and they, too, it seemed, were sleepy. They spread out in every direction; some had even fallen to the ground, depending on how tired they’d grown from standing so long.

          I read the inscriptions: names and years—and prayers to God to carry souls on the wings of angels, to admit them into the heavenly gardens where eternally cool waters flow past flowers and heavenly birds sing sweetly in the trees. On one stone—to my utter surprise, I read a familiar name: Hasan, son of Husein. I stood by that stone for a long time. By that name. The place in the han at the end of the sećija, by the door, where he wouldn’t be a nuisance, was left empty after Hasan departed; here, too, he had been allotted a place at the end…. the very edge of the graveyard, by the trees, “where he wouldn’t be a nuisance.” Hasan’s stone was small, with a brief inscription: a few words from a prayer, and a reminder that in life Hasan, son of Husein, entertained people with his joyful tales and instructed them with his parables, and for that may peace be upon him.

          His stories were now concealed by his stone, at the edge of the graveyard, by the trees, where even in death—Hasan, son of Husein, was last.